Terrorism and Illegal Immigration

Terrorism and Illegal Immigration Not all illegal aliens crossing our borders are looking to take advantage of the American way of life; some are looking to destroy it. The uproar over Arizonas new immigration law leaves the impression that all immigrants illegally entering the state are Mexicans. But according to a 2006 report from the House Committee on Homeland Security, an increasing number of illegal immigrants from nations known to produce, train and harbor Islamic terrorists are using the Southwest border as a gateway to the United States.While the Committees report, A Line in the Sand: Confronting the Threat at the Southwest Border, focuses on criminal activity and violence taking place along the Southwest border of the United States between Texas and Mexico, it also brings to light the increasing frequency with which Other than Mexican (OTM) persons from 35 special interest countries known by the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) to harbor Islamic terrorists are illegally entering the United States. Based on U.S. Border Patrol statistics there were 30,147 OTMs apprehended in FY2003, 44,614 in FY2004, 165,178 in FY2005, and 108,025 in FY2006. Most of them were apprehended along the U.S. Southwest border.The sheer increase of OTMs coming across the border makes it more difficult for Border Patrol agents to readily identify and process each, thereby increasing the chances that a potential terrorist could slip through the system. Moreover, there is no concrete mechanism for determining how many OTMs evade apprehensions and successfully enter the country illegally. Where Do the OTMs Enter the United States? While most illegal immigrants of all nationalities are apprehended by the U.S. Border Patrol in the Tucson sector of Arizona, the vast majority of OTM and Special Interest Alien apprehensions take place along the Texas border - specifically in the McAllen sector. Since September 11, 2001, DHS has reported a 41percent increase in arrests along the Texas/Mexico border of Special Interest Aliens, states the report. From FY2001 to March 2005, 88 percent of Special Interest Alien apprehensions for both the Southwest and Northern borders occurred in Texas.   Where Do The OTMs Come From? According to the report, hundreds of OTM illegal aliens from special interest countries from countries including Iran, Jordan, Lebanon, Syria, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Pakistan, Cuba, Brazil, Ecuador, China, Russia, Yemen, Albania, Yugoslavia and Afghanistan have been apprehended in the South Texas region alone since September 11, 2001. Just recently, U.S. intelligence officials report that seven Iraqis were found in Brownsville, Texas in June 2006. In August 2006, an Afghani man was found swimming across the Rio Grande River in Hidalgo, Texas; as recently as October 2006, seven Chinese were apprehended in the Rio Grande Valley area of Texas. Evidence of Terrorist Ties Far from basing their ties to terrorism on the OTMs nation of origin alone, Border Patrol agents have, in many cases, found frightening physical evidence, according to the Committees report. A jacket with patches from countries where al Qaida is known to operate was found in Jim Hogg County, Texas by the Border Patrol. The patches on the jacket show an Arabic military badge with one depicting an airplane flying over a building and heading towards a tower, and another showing an image of a lions head with wings and a parachute emanating from the animal. The bottom of one patch read martyr, way to eternal life or way to immortality. Confirmed Terrorists Apprehended A few of the apprehended OTM illegal immigrants with confirmed ties to terrorist groups listed in the congressional report include: Neeran Zaia - arrested on September 8, 2004 - headed an organization responsible for smuggling more than 200 Iraqi, Jordanian, and Syrian nationals into the United States. When he was arrested, U.S. Customs agents discovered that Zaia had a prior conviction for human smuggling.Mahmoud Youssef Kourani pleaded guilty on March 1, 2005 to providing material support to Hezbollah. Kourani is an illegal alien who had been smuggled across the U.S.-Mexico border after bribing a Mexican consular official in Beirut for a visa to travel to Mexico.Salim Boughader Mucharrafille - was arrested in December 2002 for illegally smuggling more than two hundred Lebanese, many believed to have ties to Hezbollah into the United States. The Problem of Getting OTMs Out of the US Prior to the Secure Border Initiative, the Office of Detention and Removal Operations (DRO) within Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) had a real problem getting Other Than Mexican illegal immigrants out of the United States. Even though most OTMs enter the U.S. from Mexico, Mexico will not accept them. Instead, they may only be sent to their native country, or any third country that will accept them.According to the 2005 Congressional Research Service (CRS) report, Border Security: Apprehensions of Other Than Mexican Aliens, the DRO lacks adequate bedding space to house every OTM apprehended by ICE. As a result of this, states the CRS report, the majority of OTMs apprehended by the USBP are released into the interior of the United States with notices to appear before an immigration judge. Most of these released OTMs fail to show up for their hearings and are not ultimately removed.Since going in to effect in November 2005, the Department of Homeland Securitys Secure Border Ini tiative (SBI) has employed an expedited removal process that enables ICE to remove OTM aliens to their home countries in from 15 to 30 days. When the Secure Border Initiative was first initiated, ICE inherited close to 4,000 OTM aliens awaiting removal from the United States. According to ICE, close to 3,000 of those OTMs have been removed from the country so far.

Bering Strait - Geographic Overview

Bering Strait - Geographic Overview The Bering Land Bridge, also known as the Bering Strait, was a land bridge connecting present-day eastern Siberia and the United States state of Alaska during Earths historic ice ages. For reference, Beringia is another name used to describe the Bering Land Bridge and it was coined in the mid-20th century by Eric Hulten, a Swedish botanist, who was studying plants in Alaska and northeastern Siberia. At the time of his study, he began using the word Beringia as a geographic description of the area. Beringia was about 1,000 miles (1,600 km) north to south at its widest point and was present at different times during the Pleistocene Epochs ice ages from 2.5 million to 12,000 years before the present (BP). It is significant to the study of geography because it is believed that humans migrated from the Asian continent to North America via the Bering Land Bridge during the last glaciation about 13,000-10,000 years BP. Much of what we know about the Bering Land Bridge today aside from its physical presence comes from biogeographical data showing connections between species on the Asian and North American continents. For example, there is evidence that saber tooth cats, woolly mammoths, various ungulates, and plants were on both continents around the last ice age and there would have been little way for them to appear on both without the presence of a land bridge. In addition, modern technology has been able to use this biogeographical evidence, as well as modeling of climate, sea levels, and mapping of the sea floor between present-day Siberia and Alaska to visually depict the Bering Land Bridge. Formation and Climate During the ice ages of the Pleistocene Epoch, global sea levels fell significantly in many areas around the world as the Earths water and precipitation became frozen in large continental ice sheets and glaciers. As these ice sheets and glaciers grew, global sea levels fell and in several places across the planet different land bridges became exposed. The Bering Land Bridge between eastern Siberia and Alaska was one of these. The Bering Land Bridge is believed to have existed through numerous ice ages from earlier ones around 35,000 years ago to more recent ice ages around 22,000-7,000 years ago. Most recently, it is believed that the strait between Siberia and Alaska became dry land about 15,500 years before the present, but by 6,000 years before the present, the strait was again closed due to a warming climate and rising sea levels. During the latter period, the coastlines of eastern Siberia and Alaska developed roughly the same shapes they have today. During the time of the Bering Land Bridge, it should be noted that the area between Siberia and Alaska was not glaciated like the surrounding continents because snowfall was very light in the region. This is because the wind blowing into the area from the Pacific Ocean lost its moisture before reaching Beringia when it was forced to rise over the Alaska Range in central Alaska. However, because of its very high latitude, the region would have had a similar cold and harsh climate as is in northwestern Alaska and eastern Siberia today. Flora and Fauna Because the Bering Land Bridge was not glaciated and precipitation was light, grasslands were most common on the Bering Land Bridge itself and for hundreds of miles into the Asian and North American continents. It is believed that there were very few trees and all vegetation consisted of grasses and low-lying plants and shrubs. Today, the region surrounding what remains of Beringia in northwestern Alaska and eastern Siberia still features grasslands with very few trees. The fauna of the Bering Land Bridge consisted mainly of large and small ungulates adapted to grassland environments. In addition, fossils indicate that species such as saber-toothed cats, woolly mammoths, and other large and small mammals were present on the Bering Land Bridge as well. It is also believed that when the Bering Land Bridge began to flood with rising sea levels during the end of the last ice age, these animals moved south into what is today the main North American continent. Human Evolution One of the most important things about the Bering Land Bridge is that it enabled humans to cross the Bering Sea and enter North America during the last ice age about 12,000 years ago. It is believed that these early settlers were following migrating mammals across the Bering Land Bridge and for a time may have settled on the bridge itself. As the Bering Land Bridge began to flood once again with the end of the ice age, however, humans and the animals they were following moved south along coastal North America. To learn more about the Bering Land Bridge and its status as a national preserve park today, visit the National Park Services website. References National Park Service. (2010, February 1). Bering Land Bridge National Preserve (U.S. National Park Service. Retrieved from: https://www.nps.gov/bela/index.htm Wikipedia. (2010, March 24). Beringia - Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved from: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beringia

Hospice Care Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Hospice Care - Essay Example The concept spread widely in the United States and it was something outside the conventional healthcare system. The hospices at that time were funded through charities and there was volunteer staff that provided personalized care to the patients. Hospice was not known for being a place for care but rather a concept of care. As it established, the hospice leaders came together to formulate standards and guidelines for developing hospice care (Cartwright, Miller, & Volpin, 2009). In 1978, the National Hospice Organization (NHO) was developed and it provided a national forum for education, discussion, and support of hospice quality care standards. Medicare coverage was expanded by the Congress in 1983 to include hospice care. Hospice benefits were also offered by many private insurers as they recognized the compassion for hospice care and its cost effectiveness. The number of hospices and numbers of patients in hospices have increased gradually and in 1991, there were about 1,830 hospices serving about 212,000 patients throughout U.S. Today the hospice concept remains unchanged since its early days. The intention of a hospice is to create a setting where patients get relief from their pain and are able to find support to improve the quality of their remaining life. Hospices make the effort to create a setting in which people can die peacefully. Today the hospices are a part of the mainstream healthcare system of U.S (Groninger, 2012). Choosing a hospice care may have advantages and disadvantages. The major advantage of a hospice care is the availability of a care team which consists of professionals and volunteers. This comprehensive and interdisciplinary team is involved in understanding and taking care of the patient’s needs. The team includes nurses, physicians, social workers, and trained volunteers who fulfill the needs of the patients. Another

Present the current status of gene therapy for retinal diseases Research Paper

Present the current status of gene therapy for retinal diseases - Research Paper Example Diseases of the eye which have the potential of being treatable with gene therapy in future are retinitis pigmentosa, proliferative retinopathy, autoimmune uveitis, gyrate atrophy, age-related macular degeneration, retinoblastoma and Leber's congential amaurosis. Thus gene therapy has the potential to treat various inheritable retinal diseases in future. As of now, no product has been approved for clinical use and most of them are in clinical trial stage. Introduction Whenever a particular gene is defective or absent, there is either absence of a particular protein, or there is production of abnormal protein or the amount of protein produced is insufficient. This causes diseased states. Many of these diseases can be either prevented or treated by replacing the abnormal gene, or by introducing the absent gene or by supplementing the defective gene. Using genes thus to prevent or treat a disease is known as gene therapy (HGPI, 2009). This is an experimental technique and is done by ins erting genetic material into the patient’s cells. The genes thus introduced exert their benefits by either compensating for the abnormal genes or by producing beneficial protein or by supplementing the abnormal gene (Hecht, 2004). ... g genetic material into cells that cause cancer cells to revert back to normal cells, delivering genes of bacteria or virus as a form of vaccination, elivering genetic material that either impedes or promotes growth of a new tissue and delivering genetic material that stimulates healing of a damaged tissue (Hecht, 2004). Currently, research is going on for gene therapy by various approaches in different parts of the world for various diseases like combined immuno-deficiencies, hemophilia, Parkinson's disease, cancer and even HIV. Thus, gene therapy has emerged as one of the novel treatment strategies for several untreatable diseases (Singh and Tripathi, 2002). One significant area in which enormous research has been done with regard to gene therapy is retinal diseases. In this article, the current status of gene therapy for retinal diseases will be discussed through review of suitable literature. Why is retina suitable for gene therapy? Several genes which are responsible for various inherited retinal disorders have been identified (Dejneka and Bennett, 2001). Eye, especially retina, is one of the best suitable targets for gene therapy because of easy accessibility and allowance for local application of various therapeutic agents, along with decreased risk for systemic effects. Another major advantage is that the effects of therapy can be monitored through various non-invasive tests. Of the parts in the ocular system, retina is the most suitable candidate for gene therapy. This is because; the amount of virus that needs to be injected into the retina is just 1/1000 of that needed for other systemic diseases (Singh and Tripathi, 2002). The blood ocular barrier that is present in the eye separates eye from other parts of the body and protects retina. This barrier

Using Office Equipment Essay Example for Free

Using Office Equipment Essay Full access is free for premium users Different types of office equipment are used to more quickly and efficiently deal with all manner of administrative tasks. Equipment such as computer, photocopier, scanner, printer, fax machine and shredder. The computer often referred to as PC is used for the internet, communication such as e-mail or memo and to search for information. Work can also be processed using microsoft programs. The photocopier is used to copy documents and reprint them. The scanner is used to scan paper documents and transfer them onto the computer creating a virtual copy. The printer is used to print out copies of documents from the computer. The fax machine is used to send copies of documents or important information to other businesses. The shredder is used to dispose of any documentation with sensitive or confidential information on it. This equipment also enable paper to be recycled. The different features on a computer enable me to access the internet to research information about the task I need to complete. I can also use emails on the internet using the computer, this helps me communicate within the organisation and externally and allows me to be constantly updated with information. Important information can also be sent securely using this. I can access Microsoft programmes that include Microsoft word, which I use to write letters or Excel which is used to input data onto spreadsheets such as student course attendance records/registers. The different features on the photocopier are invaluable in saving time and paper as they enable me to copy two-sided using duplexing and collect batches of papers using the collate offset (essential for lengthy training forms). The copier also allows me to change a colour document to black and white and print it. I can also resize the original document to a smaller or larger size and using A3 paper can produce a large document which can be folded in half. I would choose different equipment for certain tasks. For example if I required a copy of a document from the computer that needed to be a paper copy i.e. a form which needed to be completed and signed by a student or tutor, I would use the printer to print off the document then I would photocopy the document and print it out as many times I needed. Outcome 2: Understand the purpose of following instructions and health and safety procedures. It is important to follow the manufacturer’s instructions when using office equipment because by doing so it not only saves time and paper, avoiding having to redo work which may be flawed, but also maximises the best use of the particular machine reducing the potential for damage/malfunction. This can also avoid work being lost i.e. if a copier is not correctly set vital pages of a document can be omitted. Similarly keeping all equipment serviced and in good working order ensures it  is always safe to use, working to maximum capacity and hopefully avoids breakdowns which can be time wasting. Equipment also needs to be kept clean and hygienic for the same reasons and to ensure germs are not passed from user to user within the office environment. From a Health and Safety perspective it reduces the risk to the user if the instructions are thoroughly studied and any necessary training or guidance is given before equipment is used. A company can be held responsible if an employee is injured using equipment in the work environment for which they have not been appropriately trained/instructed. Outcome 3: Understand how to use equipment in a way that minimises waste. With regard to copying of documents waste can occur if master copies are not checked and loaded accurately and if the equipment is not set correctly i.e. using the duplexing setting forms can be printed double sided reducing page numbers. More expensive ink cartridges can be saved by printing documents in black and white as opposed to colour. Keeping waste to a minimum in the business environment is as vital as in all areas of society. It helps minimise damage to the environment such as carbon emissions, energy inefficiencies, water wastage, etc. Reducing waste helps to limit the environmental impact an organisation can have by reducing air and water pollutions and limiting the amount of materials that contribute to landfills. Reduced waste can prove cost effective to a business. By operating efficiently less expenditure is required for materials and orders to restock supplies are reduced. Similarly using less fuel and electricity has the dual benefit of reducing energy bills and carbon emissions. Outcome 4: Be able to use office equipment. I have been tasked with restocking the packs of diagnostic assessments and individual learning plans for tutors to hand out to trainees. For this I have used an Olivetti (d-copia 3500MF) photocopier located in a dedicated  room separate from the main office. The manufacturers instruction manual was not available, however having been briefed by my supervisor as to the organisational guidelines for the safe and appropriate use of the equipment, I ensured the copier was set to produce batches of 10 to be collated as they printed to save time and to copy double sided to reduce waste. I did encounter a problem when completing this task as a pack of paper had been stored inappropriately and was damp. This caused the machine to jam and a light indicator signalled which compartment of the machine was affected. In accordance with safe procedure I removed the offending paper. I was not informed that if the copying process is interrupted the copier will default back to single sided copying and this unfortunately lead to a batch of forms being wasted. This error was flagged up by my supervisor who I had requested to check my work and further incidents were avoided by ensuring the damp paper would no longer be used and the setting rechecked if any other printing interruptions occurred. On another occasion I had been using the photocopier to produce lengthy training documents which were essential for the following day however grey ink smudge marks started to occur on the bottom of each page as it was printed out and after checking with my supervisor we agreed this was unacceptable. I then was authorised to telephone the service company whose telephone number was located on the front panel of the machine and I explained the fault. The service company confirmed an engineer was in the area and would call later that day to repair the equipment as necessary. I was then able to complete my task thus avoiding disruption to the tutors planned training sessions. Whilst overseeing the copying I was also given a box of confidential paperwork which I used the shredder to dispose of, regularly emptying the container when the red light indicated it was full. After switching off mains power I ensured surplus paper was removed from the rollers and swept  debris up from the floor to avoid slips/falls. Shredded paper is recycled in the designated bin located nearby. On completion of the tasks as requested by the end of the day I ensured the documents were filed in their appropriate slots ready for any tutors to collect at their convenience. I then refilled the copier with paper and cleared away all the work surfaces in order that they could be used the following day.

Perspective :: Essays Papers

Perspective Use of perspective in art finds its root in one man, Filippo Brunelleschi. Although we don’t know for sure, it is likely that Brunelleschi also invented linear, or scientific perspective. Donatello’s â€Å"The Feast of Herod† is the earliest surviving example of scientific perspective, which is established through the use of a â€Å"vanishing point†, an imaginary single point on the page in which all the parallel lines meet. Donatello’s Feast of Herod was a groundbreaking work by that day’s standards, and a complete failure in the fulfillment of compositional requirements of traditional classical or medieval standards. The focal point of the piece, the presentation of St. John’s head to Herod, is in the far left corner, and the crowd watching is clustered into the right corner. Upon examination of the action, however, Donatello’s intention is clear; by placing the people in this way, the gesture and emotion of the scene is more implicit and effective. It is also more clearly established that the scene does not end at the focal point, it in fact continues off into every direction, an impression more clearly made with his use of scientific perspective. This â€Å"window† view into the scene was a radical step, and would influence how the picture plane was to be seen from that point on. Another important milestone in the history of perspective is Pietro Perudino’s â€Å"The Delivery of the Keys†. Painted in 1482, this work employs a grave, symmetrical structure, a tool he used to emphasize the importance of the scene being represented: The authority of St. Peter as the first pope, and all of his successors, rests on his having received the keys to the Kingdom of Heaven from Christ himself. The onlookers are all rendered with powerfully individualized faces. Equally powerful is the vast expanse of the almost surreal background. The spatial clarity, established by the use of mathematically precise perspective, is the influence of Brunelleschi. Andrea Mantegna was another 15th century painter. He was a prodigy that rendered in paint with skill from the age of 16 on. With the painting â€Å"St. James Led to His Execution† Mantegna established himself as a person who wasn’t afraid to break with traditional painting techniques, and adds a daring touch by painting from a ground up view of the scene.

Differences Between Count Dracula and Vlad Tepes

â€Å"Dracula† is a book written by Bram Stoker that was inspired by Vlad Tepes, which causes some confusion about where fact ends and fiction begins. The two undoubtedly share some similarities. For example, they are both in positions of nobility. Before becoming a vampire Dracula was a prince and Vlad was a voivode. They are both also from Transylvania, although â€Å"Dracula† does not take place entirely in Transylvania. Although there are elements of Tepes in the character of Dracula, a great deal of it was embellished for dramatic effect. Dracula and Vlad may have had a few similarities, but they are also very different. In Stoker’s novel Dracula is depicted as blood thirsty. Although Vlad was also blood thirsty, he and Dracula had very different ways of satisfying their thirst. Vlad was just a monarch with a very sadistic streak. He used this power to kill people who had personally offended him. Vlad killed in many ways but his favorite way to kill his victims was to impale them on a wooden stake, which is a very slow and agonizing way to die. Victims sometimes endured this for hours or days. Throughout his reign, Vlad systematically eradicated the old boyar class of Wallachia. Dracula killed and then fed on the blood of his victims. Vlad and Dracula’s motives for killing so many were different. After the death of his wife, Dracula sold his soul to the devil. This transaction turn Dracula into a vampire that survives by sucking the blood from his victims and transforming them into vampires. Vlad’s motivation in killing so many was to exact revenge for the death of his father and brother. Perhaps this difference causes the vastly lights that they are seen in. Dracula is a villian, but many Romanians view Vlad as a hero. His reputation in his native country is one of a man who stood up to both foreign and domestic enemies. In Romania he is considered one of their greatest leaders. Dracula had a bevy of superpowers to aid him in his dastardly deeds. Dracula had the power to shape shift. In the novel he shifts into things such as a bat and a wolf. He also possesses superhuman powers like being able to crawl on vertical surfaces and manipulating the weather. The most important characteristic of Dracula is that he is undead. The only way to kill Dracula is to decapitate him and impale him with a wooden stake through the heart. Vlad on the other hand, had no superpowers and was for the most part a normal person. Vlad and Dracula are both remembered for the same reason: their atrocious murders. They were both prolific killers. Despite their many differences, they will probably always be associated.

What is Image (a social statement)

Image. What is it? Like anything, different people interpret image in different ways. Hence, image has a varied amount of interpretations, for its definitions. Interpretations of this word include how a person looks, acts, reputation etc. etc. Many more can be added to this list. Definition given by the dictionary, of image is: – † a picture or statue of a person, or the appearance of something as seen in a mirror or through a lens etc. a person or thing that is very much like another reputation† Society in general, takes image as an indicator of what at person like is. Image of a person is interpreted in different ways by society. It maybe how a person physically looks, type of clothes they may where, type of music they may listen to, personality, friends they may have, and so on. An example of this in reality would be if someone saw a person who was wearing baggy clothes, who had long hair and was skating they would deduce they also like rock music, and are ‘moshers', if the person who saw this doesn't like rock music or skating, they would probably not want themselves to be associated with this person all because of the image they have. Everyone presents an image, and the above are the things which society uses to create an image of an individual from what they present. Image and society, why is there a link? In a recent survey carried out, 60% of the population use image and not personality of a individual to decide if they like them, and if so how much. Society and image then leads onto categorisation. Generally society use image to place everyone in a group. Reason for this who knows? It may be people want to know what everyone else is like, and if people group others they can decide on thins like who they like or not, and also people could decide on things like who they want to be with. According to another survey in social behaviour, 70% of the people surveyed admitted to grouping people. The most popular group people come up with to categorize people are ‘Townie and Moshers'. This is a classic example of grouping. ‘Townies', are thought of to listen to dance music or urban music (because they think it's cool), they wear ‘townie gear', which is trackies and other things with huge sport labels written on them, and they boast about smoking weed. Whereas ‘Moshers' are stereotyped as listening to rock (mosher) music, like the colour black, have long hair, wear baggy clothes, take lots of drugs and only sporting activity they may do is skating. Image can be a positive influence because it could provide good role models to the public. People may look up to the image an individual may have, and it may influence them, if the role model is good this could be good for individuals, as it may make them better people. This can also have a negative effect on people, if the role model is bad. Image can also be bad because some may become to conscious about their image that they are presenting, and some people may find it uncomfortable being in public because of this reason. Another reason why image can be bad is that when society categorises, prejudice may be created as people will listen to anything and like or dislike people because of an image they may have, as their obviously will be minority groups, which generally people don't want to exist. People are different so they may be discriminated against, and people would be prejudice against, because they don't fit into usual categories. It is a fact today's society use image and not personality of someone to rate them. It's like a the worlds a huge playground, and one child sees other and immediately shouts out â€Å"you're a geek†, and doesn't become friends with them all because apparently this other child looks like a geek. This point has a negative effect on society. As some people spend too much time worrying about image, also some people are left out, and discriminated because they may have a bad image, but they may still be good people.

Make the Most of Your Tactile Learning Style

Make the Most of Your Tactile Learning Style According to some educational theorists, there are as many as nine different types of intelligence and multiple styles of learning. Tactile or kinesthetic learners are those who learn through experiencing and doing things. How Tactile Learners Learn Tactile learners like to experience the world and act out events. To remember a phone number, tactile learners may remember the pattern of their fingers as they  press the numbers on a phone or keypad. Tactile learners can remember complicated directions once theyve acted them out. Look over these traits to see if they sound familiar to you. You may be a tactile learner if you are someone who: Is good at sportsCan’t sit still for longIs not great at spellingDoes not have great handwritingLikes science labStudies with loud music onLikes adventure books, moviesLikes role-playingTakes breaks when studyingBuilds modelsIs involved in martial arts or danceIs fidgety during lectures Challenges for Tactile Learners Because tactile learners learn best through movement, they may become bored more quickly than other students while listening to a class lecture. They may also find it difficult to focus on long lectures, write extended essays, or read for extended periods of time. Study Tips for Tactile Learners An active study is good for every student. But it is especially important for the tactile learner to use active study strategies when preparing for a school exam. Tactile learners need to be actively involved as they receive and process new information. Kinesthetic learners can benefit from: Studying in short blocks of timeRole-playingTaking lab classesTaking field trips or visiting museumsStudying with othersUsing memory gamesUsing flashcards to memorizeUsing a smart pen for taking notes. A smartpen records audio content that takes place while the student is taking notes. That means that students can go back to review class notes and listen to any lecture that took place as the student recorded notes.Acting out the topics, stories, and subjects they study. For example, activities like reacting to the past enable students to immerse themselves in the topics and experience subjects they study.   Tactile learners may choose to use the Journey Method for memorizing new information (mentally placing concepts in a location). Learning games and group activities are good tactics for the tactile learner. The more active this student can be during study time, the more information that study is likely to retain. When preparing for an exam of any type, the tactile learner should practice writing a test essay (make up your own essay questions). Write the first essay using the textbook as a guide, then practice the essay several times in preparation for test day. Opportunities for Tactile Learners Certain types of classes are likely to appeal to tactile learners. For example, tactile learners will thrive in the sciences that include a lab experience. They are also likely to do well in classes that combine hands-on and conceptual learning such as: Culinary artsHome economicsEarly childhood developmentTheater or other performing artsVisual arts (sculpture, for example)Engineering If you are a tactile learner in a high school or college setting, consider choosing electives or a major that makes the most of your strengths.

Learn About Using Constants in Java

Learn About Using Constants in Java There are many values in the real world which will never change. A square will always have four sides, PI to three decimal places will always be 3.142, and a day will always have 24 hours. These values remain constant. When writing a program it makes sense to represent them in the same way - as values that will not be modified once they have been assigned to a variable. These variables are known as constants. Declaring a Variable As a Constant In declaring variables we showed that it’s easy to assign a value to an  int variable: int numberOfHoursInADay 24; We know this value is never going to change in the real world so we make sure it doesn’t in the program. This is done by adding the keyword modifierfinal: final int NUMBER_OF_HOURS_IN_A_DAY 24; In addition to thefinal keyword you should have noticed that the case of the variable name has changed to be uppercase as per the standard Java naming convention. This makes it far easier to spot which variables are constants in your code. If we now try and change the value ofNUMBER_OF_HOURS_IN_A_DAY: final int NUMBER_OF_HOURS_IN_A_DAY 24;NUMBER_OF_HOURS_IN_A_DAY 36; we will get the following error from the compiler: cannot assign a value to final variable NUMBER_OF_HOURS_IN_A_DAY The same goes for any of the other primitive data type variables. To make them into constants just add thefinal keyword to their declaration. Where to Declare Constants As with normal variables you want to limit the scope of constants to where they are used. If the value of the constant is only needed in a method then declare it there: public static int calculateHoursInDays(int days) { final int NUMBER_OF_HOURS_IN_A_DAY 24; return days * NUMBER_OF_HOURS_IN_A_DAY; } If it’s used by more than one method then declare it at the top of the class definition: public class AllAboutHours{ private static final int NUMBER_OF_HOURS_IN_A_DAY 24; public int calculateHoursInDays(int days) { return days * NUMBER_OF_HOURS_IN_A_DAY; } public int calculateHoursInWeeks(int weeks) { final int NUMBER_OF_DAYS_IN_A_WEEK 7; return weeks * NUMBER_OF_DAYS_IN_A_WEEK * NUMBER_OF_HOURS_IN_A_DAY; }} Notice how I’ve also added the keyword modifiersprivate and static to the variable declaration of NUMBER_OF_HOURS_IN_A_DAY. This means that the constant can only be used by its class (hence the private scope) but you could just as easily make it a public constant if you want other classes to have access to it. The static keyword is to allow the value of the constant to be shared amongst all instances of an object. As its the same value for every object created, it only needs to have one instance. Using the Final Keyword with Objects It’s very important to realize that when it comes to objects, Java does not support constants as you might expect. If you assign a variable to an object using thefinal keyword it means the variable will only ever hold the reference to that object. It cannot be changed to reference another object. However, it does not mean that the contents of the object cannot change. A Brief Note on the Const Keyword You may have noticed in the reserved words list that there is a keyword calledconst. This is not used with constants, in fact, it’s not used at all in the Java language.

Explain how oxygen and carbon dioxide are transported by the blood Assignment

Explain how oxygen and carbon dioxide are transported by the blood - Assignment Example The process of oxygen transportation by the blood involves transfer of oxygen from the lungs to the cells that need the oxygen for physiological and biological processes. The major factor in the oxygen transfer is the concentration gradient between blood and the two cites. The respiratory system inhales blood that is reach in oxygen and induces oxygen concentration gradient between the lung and the blood system. Oxygen then diffuses into the blood system for transportation through the system’s network that reaches all body cells. Many non-physical factors however facilitate the process that would otherwise be too slow to meet the need for oxygen. Physical transfer in which oxygen dissolves in the blood’s plasma only transport a limited amount of oxygen in the body, while the major transportation is aided by haemoglobin. Further, the level of oxygen that is transported through the chemical is a factor of â€Å"concentration of haemoglobin in the blood,† proportion of haemoglobin that is bound to oxygen and the chemical’s affinity to oxygen. The level of diffused oxygen into the blood is further a non-linear factor of oxygen concentration with a reducing gradient as oxygen concentration increases up to an optimal level at which the diffusion rate stabilizes. Oxygenated blood is then transported through the circulatory system whose extensive network connects to all body cells and organs. The cells have low oxygen concentration and this facilitates the transfer of oxygen into cells across cell membranes. Dissociation of oxygen from blood’s haemoglobin is however also influenced by factors such as presence of carbon monoxide, concentration of hydrogen ions, and temperature among other biological conditions such as anaemia (Porth 2010; Tortora and Derrickson 2009). The blood also transports carbon dioxide from cells to the lungs. The transfer occurs in three forms in which carbon dioxide diffuses from cells into